How is molar mass defined?

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Molar mass is defined as the mass of one mole of a substance expressed in grams. This concept arises from Avogadro's number, which states that one mole of any substance contains approximately (6.022 \times 10^{23}) representative particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.).

For any given substance, the molar mass can be determined by summing the atomic masses of all the constituent elements as indicated in its chemical formula. For example, the molar mass of water (H₂O) is calculated as the sum of the atomic masses of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. When expressed in grams, this value tells us how much one mole of that substance weighs, providing a crucial conversion factor between grams and moles for chemical calculations.

Understanding molar mass is fundamental for stoichiometry, as it allows chemists to relate the mass of substances involved in chemical reactions to the number of moles, facilitating the use of balanced equations to predict the quantities of reactants and products.

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