What does the ideal gas law describe?

The ideal gas law is a fundamental equation in chemistry that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of an ideal gas. It is expressed as PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. This equation allows one to determine how gases will behave under various conditions. Specifically, it describes how the state of an ideal gas changes with alterations in temperature and pressure, making it crucial for understanding gas behavior in theoretical and practical applications.

Other options focus on different areas of chemistry. For example, the first option concerns liquid solutions, which involves different principles, while the third option pertains to reaction kinetics, not gas behavior. The last option discusses gas solubility in liquids, which relates to physical chemistry rather than the behavior of gases described by the ideal gas law. Thus, the ideal gas law specifically addresses the characteristics and behaviors of gases in terms of their temperature, pressure, and volume.