What is the definition of molarity in a solution?

Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. This is a crucial concept in chemistry because it quantifies the concentration of a solute within a solution. The definition emphasizes that the amount of solute is measured in moles, which provides a direct relationship to the number of particles in the solution, allowing for stoichiometric calculations in chemical reactions.

The term "liter of solution" refers specifically to the total volume of the solution, which includes both the solute and the solvent. This is important because molarity is a measure of how much solute is present relative to the entire volume of the solution, not just the solvent alone. Molarity is expressed in units of moles per liter (mol/L), providing a clear and standardized way to express concentration that is widely used in laboratory settings.

Other options do not accurately capture the concept of molarity. For instance, defining molarity in terms of grams of solute per liter of solution does not consider the molar mass of the solute, which can vary between different substances. Similarly, simply stating the volume of the solution or referring to concentration in terms of mass does not provide a complete picture of how solute concentration is quantitatively